Arithmetical Reasoning Questions

Clearly, the required number would be such that it leaves a remainder of 1 when divided by 3, 4, 5, or 6 and no remainder when divided by 7. Thus, the number must be of the form (L.C.M of 3, 4, 5, 6) x + 1 i.e., (60x + 1 ) and a multiple of 7. Clearly, for x = 5, the number is a multiple of 7. So the number is 301.

Clearly, while counting the numbers associated to the thumb will be 1,9,17,25,.........
i.e., numbers of the form (8n + 1 ).
where n=1,2,3...
Since 1994 = 249 × 8 + 2, so 1993 shall correspond to the thumb and 1994 to the index finger and 1995 to the middle finger.

Suppose there are 9 balls

Let us give name to each ball B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9

Now we will divide all the balls into 3 groups.

Group1 - B1 B2 B3

Group2 - B4 B5 B6

Group3 - B7 B8 B9

Step1 - Now weigh any two groups. Let's assume we choose Group1 on left side of the scale and Group2 on the right side.

So now when we weigh these two groups we can get 3 outcomes.

Weighing scale tilts on left - Group1 has a heavy ball.
Weighing scale tilts on right - Group2 has a heavy ball.
Weighing scale remains balanced - Group3 has a heavy ball.
Lets assume we got the outcome as 3. i.e Group 3 has a heavy ball.

Step2 - Now weigh any two balls from Group3. Lets assume we keep B7 on left side of the scale and B8 on right side.

So now when we weigh these two balls we can get 3 outcomes.

Weighing scale tilts on left - B7 is the heavy ball.
Weighing scale tilts on right - B8 is the heavy ball.
Weighing scale remains balanced - B9 is the heavy ball.
The conclusion we get from this Problem is that each time weigh. We element 2/3 of the balls.

As we came to conclusion that Group3 has the heavy ball from Step1, we remove 6 balls from the equation i.e (2/3) of 9.

Simillarly we do the ame thing for the Step2.

Now going with this conclusion. We have 6561 balls.

Step - 1

Divided into 3 groups

Group1 - 2187Balls

Group2 - 2187Balls

Group3 - 2187Balls

Taking the similar steps as we did in the above example, we come to the conclusion that Group1 has the heavy ball.

Step - 2

Divided into 3 groups

Group1 - 729Balls

Group2 - 729Balls

Group3 - 729Balls

Taking the similar steps as we did in the above example, we come to the conclusion that Group1 has the heavy ball.

Step - 3

Divided into 3 groups

Group1 - 243Balls

Group2 - 243Balls

Group3 - 243Balls

Taking the similar steps as we did in the above example, we come to the conclusion that Group1 has the heavy ball.

Step - 4

Divided into 3 groups

Group1 - 81Balls

Group2 - 81Balls

Group3 - 81Balls

Taking the similar steps as we did in the above example, we come to the conclusion that Group1 has the heavy ball.

Step - 5

Divided into 3 groups

Group1 - 27Balls

Group2 - 27Balls

Group3 - 27Balls

Taking the similar steps as we did in the above example, we come to the conclusion that Group1 has the heavy ball.

Step - 6

Divided into 3 groups

Group1 - 9Balls

Group2 - 9Balls

Group3 - 9Balls

Taking the similar steps as we did in the above example, we come to the conclusion that Group1 has the heavy ball.

Step - 7

Divided into 3 groups

Group1 - 3Balls

Group2 - 3Balls

Group3 - 3Balls

Taking the similar steps as we did in the above example, we come to the conclusion that Group1 has the heavy ball.

Step - 8

So now when we weigh 2 balls out of 3 we can get 3 outcomes.

Weighing scale tilts on left - left side placed is the heavy ball.
Weighing scale tilts on right - right side placed is the heavy ball.
Weighing scale remains balanced - remaining ball is the heavy ball.
So the general answer to this question is, it is always multiple of 3 steps.

For 9 balls  32= 9. therefore 2 steps

For 6561 balls 38 = 6561 therefore 8 steps

There were all parrots but six means that six birds were not parrots but only pigeons and koels.

Similarly, number of parrots + number of koels = 6 and number of parrots + number of pigeons = 6.

This is possible when there are 3 parrots, 3 pigeons and 3 koels i.e. 9 birds in all.